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Ugly corn fungus has inner beauty by Martha Mendoza - May. 6, 2010 12:00 AM Associated Press IRAPUATO, Mexico - It's now an established scientific fact: Smut is good for you. Corn smut, that is. For years, scientists have assumed that huitlacoche (weet-la-KO-chee) - a gnarly, gray-black corn fungus long savored in Mexico - had nutritional values similar to those of the corn on which it grew. But test results published in March in the journal Food Chemistry reveal that an infection that U.S. farmers and crop scientists have spent millions trying to eradicate is packed with unique proteins, minerals and other nutritional goodies. And here's a bonus: agro-economists have found it can sell for more than the corn it ruins. "We had no idea huitlacoche could actually synthesize significant nutrients that don't even exist in corn," said Octavio Paredes-Lopez, one of Mexico's leading food scientists. "Who cares about the nutritional value? The flavors are amazing!" said Steve Sando, a grinning Napa Valley epicurean whose booming Rancho Gordo specialty-food company grows and sells heirloom beans, corn and other indigenous New World ingredients. He launched an expedition (or was that a vacation?) in Mexico in mid-April, researching the possibilities of adding huitlacoche to his product line in the lucrative, gourmet haven of Northern California. We're talking about an epicurean wonder here, an exquisite delicacy both nutty and earthy with a hint of fruity sweetness. When huitlacoche attacks corn, the insidious-looking pustules that bubble up don't just force the husk to explode, it forces the metabolic process inside the cob to change, creating new, more healthful nutrients. Take lysine, one of those "essential amino acids" that the body requires but can't manufacture. We need it to fight infections and strengthen bones. Bodybuilders pound lysine when they want to build muscle, and aestheticians recommend it to keep skin looking young. Corn has virtually no lysine; huitlacoche is loaded with it. It also is packed with more beta-glucens - the soluble fiber that gives oatmeal its well-known cholesterol-cutting power - than, well, oatmeal. Sando began his hunt in Xochimilco, a community on Mexico City's south side, where huitlacoche-munching Aztecs first built floating fields atop rafts of wood and soil - and where the chaotic market smells of garlic, bananas and raw meat. His intrepid leader was cultural-culinary tour guide Ruth Alegria, a bilingual chef who coordinates the International Association of Culinary Professionals in Mexico. There they find baskets overflowing with clumps of huitlacoche. "Amazing, beautiful, wow," said Sando, delightedly turning over a handful of huitlacoche, which quickly stains his fingers black. He talks to proprietors, examines the fresher, bluish-white cloudy carbuncles selling for $1.45 per pound and the ashier, aging ones, a few hours older, discounted to sell quickly for $1.18 per pound before they get slimy. "It's gorgeous today," Alegria said. "My mouth is watering!" They make their way to food stands where they savor thick corn patties filled with chopped huitlacoche, onions and corn kernels. Warm and delicious, this exquisite meal - eaten today on greasy paper amid the grimy chaos of the bustling marketplace - would get rave reviews on a china platter at the world's finest restaurants, the connoisseurs agree. One restaurant serving huitlacoche in the Valley is Sierra Bonita Grill, 6933 N. Seventh St., Phoenix. Its mini quesadillas include fresh huitlacoche on a corn tortilla with Mexican Menonita cheese and spinach. Huitlacoche once appeared on the menu at the James Beard House in New York City. Other chefs include it as a specialty on the rare days they manage to obtain some: There's huitlacoche-stuffed chicken breasts at La Cocina Michoacana in Cedar Park, Texas, and huitlacoche quesadillas at Tu y Yo in Boston, and La Casita Mexicana in LA blends huitlacoche into a tamale masa, then stuffs the tamale into a roasted chile. The name huitlacoche (also cuitlacoche) comes from two indigenous words: cuitlatl (excrement) and cochi (sleeping). In the U.S., farmers call huitlacoche "corn smut" in polite company and "devil's corn" among themselves. The fast-moving blight can wipe out 5 to 10 percent of a crop, and the black, dusty spores gum up harvesting equipment. Corn growers and the federal government have spent millions of dollars eradicating it and developing smut-resistant strains, with only partial success. Even Sando has tossed blighted sections of his heirloom cornfields. Tasting what was once a bane to his business, he now sees new opportunity. "I am so excited! I am definitely going to give this a try. It would be easy to infect one of my fields and start growing this," Sando said. Researchers at University of Wisconsin convinced a local organic farmer in 2007 to deliberately infect a field of corn with the fungus, and then harvest and sell it. Their findings: An ear of huitlacoche costs about 41 cents to produce and sells for about $1.20. By comparison, an ear of sweet corn costs less than a dime, with profits of just a few cents. Sando has few competitors in the fresh market , even though gourmet chefs pay $20 or more per pound for a chance to add the delicacy to their menus. But there are several Hispanic food companies, including San Marcos and Del Fuerte, that sell canned huitlacoche in the U.S. "Our consumers are either of Mexican origin, or foodies who have traveled in Mexico and enjoy the taste," said Joseph Perez, senior vice president of New Jersey-based Goya Foods, the largest, Hispanic-owned food company in the U.S. Huitlacoche is a niche product. But Perez said sales are steady - and profitable. Still, if fresh huitlacoche has an image problem, the canned product - slimy and gooey - has even more to overcome. "It's safe to say this is the first time I've ever paid for an infection," wrote "The Sneeze," a blogger who bravely sampled canned huitlacoche recently for his "Steve, Don't Eat It!" website. "The flavor is elusive and difficult to describe, but I'll try: 'Kinda yucky,' " he wrote. Sando knows he's got an aesthetic challenge. "The real question is how to market this. People might freak out at the sight. I mean, it's kind of like this grayish, black brain," he said. "But if we can get them to taste it, we'll have them." |